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Path: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!enterpoop.mit.edu!news.kei.com!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!swrinde!news.dell.com!pmafire!geoff From: geoff@pmafire.inel.gov (Geoff Allen) Subject: rec.roller-coaster FAQ, part 3/3: lists and statistics Summary: This document contains lists and statistics relating to roller coasters and amusement parks. Newsgroups: rec.roller-coaster,rec.answers,news.answers Followup-To: rec.roller-coaster Reply-To: geoff@pmafire.inel.gov Organization: WINCO, Idaho Falls, Idaho Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu Date: 04 Jun 93 15:35:39 GMT Message-ID: <roller-coaster-faq_739208139@pmafire.inel.gov> References: <roller-coaster-faq_739208137@pmafire.inel.gov> Supersedes: <roller-coaster-faq_736120826@pmafire.inel.gov> Expires: 19 Jul 93 15:35:37 GMT Lines: 550 Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu rec.roller-coaster:4888 rec.answers:1074 news.answers:9059 Archive-name: roller-coaster-faq/part3 Last-modified: Thu Jun 03, 1993; 10:01:38 MDT This is part 3 of the rec.roller-coaster FAQ.... 9. Lists, statistics, and other arcana A. Roller Coaster Designer Info Designers of Wooden Coasters CURRENT: Custom Coasters Inc. (Mike Boodley) -- Builders and Designers John F. Pierce and Assoc. -- Designers and Builders Michael Black and Assoc. -- Builder RCCA/TOGO Intamin AG PAST: Allen, John -- Designer and Builder Baker -- Designer and Builder Bitler, Oscar -- Cobb, William J. -- Designer and Builder Dinn, Charlie (Dinn Corp.) - Builder Fehr, Carl -- Harton, T.M. -- Hoover, Frank -- IAD (International Amusement Devices) -- Designers and Builder Keenan, Vernon -- Designer and Builder Leis, Edward -- Looff -- Designer Lorenz & Williams -- Miler -- Designer Miller, John -- Designer and Builder Mitchell, James T. -- Moran, George -- NAD (National Amusement Devices) -- Designers and Builders Pierce, Fred -- Prior and Church -- Designers PTC (Philadelphia Toboggan Company)-- Designers and Builders Rosser -- Designer Schmeck, Herbert -- Designer and Builder Sink, Amandus -- Summers, Curtis D. -- Designer Thompson, Marcus A. -- (Harry G.) Traver Engineering Co. -- Builders and Designers Vaszin, Aurel -- Vesco, Paul -- Vettel, Andrew -- Vettel, Edwin -- Designer and Builder Designers of Steel Coasters Arrow Dynamics (Ron Toomer) Bollinger & Mabillard (B&M) Intamin AG MACK OD Hopkins Schwarzkopf, Anton Schwarzkopf Rides and Amusements (Anton's son, Wieland) SDC Corp. of Italy Sensei TOGO of Japan (RCCA/TOGO overseas) Vekoma International Zamperla Zierer B. Roller Coaster Record Holders Current Wooden Coaster Record Holders STEEPEST 1. 60 degrees: Rattler - Fiesta Texas; San Antonio, TX 2. 58 degrees: Cyclone - Astroland/Coney Island; Brooklyn, NY 3. 56 degrees: Georgia Cyclone - SF over Georgia; Atlanta, GA HIGHEST 1. 179 ft, 6 in: Rattler - Fiesta Texas; San Antonio, TX 2. 160 ft: Mean Streak - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH 3. 143 ft: Texas Giant - SF over Texas; Arlington, TX LONGEST DROP 1. 170 ft: Rattler - Fiesta Texas; San Antonio, TX 2. 155 ft: Mean Streak - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH 3. 148 ft: Hercules - Dorney Park; Allentown, PA FASTEST 1. 73 mph: Rattler - Fiesta Texas; San Antonio, TX 2. 65 mph: Mean Streak - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH 3. 64.77 mph: The Beast - Kings Island; Kings Mills, OH LONGEST CIRCUIT 1. 7400 ft: The Beast - Kings Island; Kings Mills, OH 2. 5530 ft: Rattler - Fiesta Texas; San Antonio, TX 3. 5427 ft: Mean Streak - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH OLDEST 1. 1902: Leap The Dips - Lakemont Park; Altoona, PA 2. 1919: Jack Rabbit - Clemonton Lake; Clemonton, NJ 3. 1920: Jack Rabbit - Kennywood; W Mifflin, PA MOST FAMOUS (yeah, it's subjective, but these coasters are somewhat legendary...) 1. 1927 Cyclone - Astroland/Coney Island; Brooklyn, NY 2. 1927 Cyclone Racer - The Pike; Long Beach, CA 3. 1924 Bobs - Riverview; Chicago, IL Current Steel Coaster Record Holders STEEPEST 1. 90 Degrees: Ultra Twister - SF Astroworld; Houston, TX 2. 60 degrees: Magnum XL-200 - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH 3. 60 degrees: Excalibur - ValleyFair!; HIGHEST 1. 205 ft: Magnum XL-200 - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH 2. 196 ft: Bandit - Yomiuriland, Japan 3. 188 ft: Viper - SF Magic Mountain; Valencia, CA LONGEST DROP 1. 225 ft: Steel Phantom - Kennywood; W Mifflin, PA 2. 194 ft: Magnum XL-200 - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH 3. 171 ft: Viper - SF Magic Mountain; Valencia, CA (The Magic Mountain Standards of Operating Procedures Manual for Viper says the drop is 187 ft. This has been the subject of some controversy in the group. 171 ft. is the number in Guide to Ride, and has been confirmed by an Arrow Dynamics employee.) FASTEST 1. 80 mph: Steel Phantom - Kennywood; W Mifflin, PA 2. 72 mph: Magnum XL-200 - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH 3. 70 mph: Viper - SF Magic Mountain; Valencia, CA LONGEST CIRCUIT 1. 7450 ft: The Ultimate - Lightwater Valley; UK 2. 5500 ft: Dragon Mountain - Marineland; Niagara Falls, Ontario 3. 5106 ft: Magnum XL-200 - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH HIGHEST LOOPING COASTER 1. 188 ft: Viper - SF Magic Mountain; Valencia, CA 2. 173 ft: GASM - SF Great Adventure; Jackson, NJ 3. 170 ft: Shockwave - SF Great America; Gurnee, IL MOST INVERSIONS - (7) Viper, Magic Mountain GASM, Great Adventure Shockwave, Great America Kumba, Busch Gardens Tampa HIGHEST G FORCES - (+6.5g) Mindbender, Fantasyland, Edmonton, AB Drier Looping, Germany Moonslaut Scramble, Japan MOST TRAINS ON CIRCUIT 1. 5: Thriller; German Fairs 2. 4: Olympia Looping; German Fairs 3. 4: Hymalaya Bahn; German Fairs MOST DEMENTED SHUTTLE LOOP (yeah, another subjective one!) Wiener Looping, Flamingoland (UK) C. ACE's Classic Coaster Roster Big Dipper - Camden Park; Huntington, W. VA Big Dipper - Geauga Lake; Aurura, OH Blue Streak - Cedar Point; Sandusky, OH Blue Streak - Conneaut Lake Park; Conneaut Lake, PA Coaster - Arnolds Park; Iowa Coaster - Playland; Vancouver, BC, Canada Cyclone - Astroland; Coney Island, NY Cyclone - Lakeside Park; Denver, CO Cyclone - William's Grove Park; Mechanicsburg, PA Jack Rabbit - Kennywood Park; W. Mifflin, PA Kiddy Coaster - Playland; Rye, NY La Montana Rusa - Chapultepec Park; Mexico City, MEX Lil' Dipper - Camden Park; Huntington, W. VA Little Dipper - Kiddie Land; Melrose Park, IL Little Dipper - Hillcrest Park; Lemont, IL Roller Coaster - Joyland; Wichita, KS Roller Coaster - Western Washington Fair; Puyallup, WA Rollo Coaster - Idlewild Park; Ligonier, PA Screechin Eagle - Americana Park; Middletown, OH Sea Dragon - Wynadot Lake Park; Powell, OH Starliner - Miracle Strip; Panama City, FL Thunderbolt - Kennywood Park; W. Mifflin, PA Wildcat - Frontier City; Oklahoma City, OK D. Inside Track ``Top Coasters'' Readers Survey Many people want to know which is the best/wildest/awesomest/scariest coaster in the world (or at least US). We can't answer that for you, but we can pass on to you the results of the Inside Track magazine reader's survey. This is an annual survey, the most recent version of which was published in the August 1992 issue of Inside Track. Just because a coaster is highly-ranked on this list doesn't mean *you* will think it's best, but it does mean that lot of coaster enthusiasts like it, and you probably will too. Rankings from past years are given as well, to give you some idea of how things change from year to year. If a column contains '-', it indicates that coaster didn't place in the rankings for that year, for whatever reason (it was new, it didn't get enough votes, etc.). Also note that the 1992 survey lists the top 50, 1991 listed the top 40, and 1990 listed the top 20. +----------------------------------- 1992 Rank | +------------------------------- 1992 Vote Total | | +-------------------------- 1991 Rank | | | +----------------------- 1990 Rank | | | | +-------------------- Ride name, Park, Location V V V V V 1 (733) 3 3 Texas Giant, Six Flags over Texas, TX 2 (606) 2 4 Magnum XL-200, Cedar Point, OH 3 (526) 5 1 The Beast, Kings Island, OH 4 (463) 1 2 Timber Wolf, Worlds of Fun, MO 5 (347) 7 5 Phoenix, Knoebel's, PA 6 (305) - - BATMAN -- THE RIDE, SFGAm, IL (New in '92) 7 (278) 6 6 Cyclone, Coney Island, NY 8 (274) 10 7 Thunderbolt, Kennywood, PA 9 (179) 4 - Thunder Run, Kentucky Kingdom, KY 10 (151) - - The Rattler, Fiesta Texas (New in '92) 11 (148) 16 - Steel Phantom, Kennywood, PA (New in '91) 12 ( 78) 8 9 Predator, Darien Lake, NY 12 ( 78) 16 14 Grizzly, Kings Dominion, VA 13 ( 76) 9 8 Mister Twister, Elitch Gardens, CO 14 ( 74) 13 11 Big Bad Wolf, Busch Gardens, VA 15 ( 71) 34 - Mean Streak, Cedar Point, OH 16 ( 70) 11 18 Giant Dipper, Santa Cruz, CA 17 ( 69) 35 19 Georgia Cyclone, SFoG, GA 18 ( 68) 29 - Roller Coaster, Playland, BC 19 ( 66) 24 - Blue Streak, Conneaut Lake, PA 20 ( 65) 32 - Cyclone, Lakeside, CO 20 ( 65) - 20 Wild One, Wild World, MD 21 ( 61) 14 - Blue Streak, Cedar Point, OH 22 ( 60) 12 12 Mindbender, Fantasyland, Alberta 22 ( 60) 23 16 Racer, Kings Island, OH 23 ( 57) 11 10 Hercules, Dorney Park, PA 23 ( 57) 17 - Vortex, Wonderland, Canada 24 ( 54) - - Arkansas Twister, Magic Springs, AK (New in 92) 25 ( 51) 22 - Ninja, Magic Mountain, CA 26 ( 50) - - Drachen Fire, Busch Gardens, VA (New in 92) 27 ( 49) 14 - Giant Dipper, Belmont Park, CA 27 ( 49) 19 13 Viper, Magic Mountain, CA 27 ( 49) - - Screamin' Eagle, SFoMA, MO 28 ( 43) 20 - Iron Wolf, Great America, IL 29 ( 40) 30 - Yankee Cannonball, Canobie Lake, NH 30 ( 38) - - Swamp Fox, Family Kingdom, SC (New in 92) 30 ( 38) 21 18 G.A.S.M., Great Adventure, NJ 30 ( 38) 30 - Matterhorn Bobsled, Disneyland, CA 31 ( 37) 22 12 Cyclone, Riverside, MA 32 ( 36) 33 15 Mindbender, SFoG, GA 33 ( 34) 40 - Space Mountain, Walt Disney World, FL 34 ( 32) - - Ultra Twister, Astroworld, TX 35 ( 31) 29 - Anaconda, Kings Dominion, VA 35 ( 31) - - Adventure Express, Kings Island, OH (New in 91) 36 ( 30) 18 - Screechin Eagle, Americana, OH 37 ( 29) 38 - Big Thunder Mtn Railroad, Disney, FL 37 ( 29) 36 - Comet, Hersheypark, PA 38 ( 28) 32 - Big Dipper, Geauga Lake, OH 38 ( 28) - - Vortex, Carowinds, NC (New in 92) 39 ( 26) 31 17 Shockwave, Great America, IL 40 ( 25) - - Greezed Lightnin, Astroworld, TX 41 ( 23) 33 - Colossus, Magic Mountain, CA 41 ( 23) - - Vortex, Kings Island, OH 42 ( 22) 25 - Loch Ness Monster, Busch Gardens, VA 43 ( 21) 40 - Roller Coaster, Arnolds Park, IA 44 ( 20) - - Rebel Yell, Kings Dominion, VA 45 ( 18) 28 - La Montana Rusa, Mexico City, MX 45 ( 18) 33 - Montezooma's Revenge, Knott's, CA 46 ( 16) - - Wildcat, Elitch Gardens, CO 46 ( 16) - - Tornado, Adventureland, IA 47 ( 14) - - Thriller, German Fairs 47 ( 14) 26 - Texas Tornado, Wonderland, TX 47 ( 14) 39 - Grand National, Blackpool, UK 48 ( 13) - - Jack Rabbit, Kennywood, PA 49 ( 12) 39 - Thunderhawk, Dorney Park, PA 50 ( 11) - - Big Dipper, Blackpool, UK 50 ( 11) - - Le Monstre, La Ronde, Canada 50 ( 11) - - Sea Serpent, Wildwood, NJ 50 ( 11) - - Excalibur, Valleyfair!, MN - - 15 - Revolution, Magic Mountain, CA - - 33 - Dragon Mountain, Marineland, Canada - - 37 - Wildcat, Lake Compounce, CT - - 38 - Gemini, Cedar Point, OH - - 39 - Space Center, Phantasialand, Germany - - 40 - Bandit, Yomiuriland, Tokyo, Japan - - 40 - Psyclone, Magic Mountain, CA - - 40 - Sidewinder, Hersheypark, PA E. Amusement Park Attendance Statistics The following list of the top 40 Amusement Parks, ranked by attendance, is from Amusement Business. These statistics are for 1992. NOTE: Policies at some parks forbid release of attendance figures. An asterisk (*) appearing after the attendance figure indicates the figure is an estimate, based on information gathered by reliable AB sources. Parks that either did not report or did not qualify on the basis of reported figures in 1990 and 1991 are indicated with '-'. In addition, the March 26, 1993 Wall Street Journal listed the top 10 parks in attendance world-wide. The numbers for the North American parks match Amusement Business' list. The non-North American parks are listed with '.'s in the three rank columns and a blank '% change' field. I've placed them into Amusement Business' list because of the interest, not only to North American readers of rec.roller-coaster, but also to all our friends elsewhere! The attendance numbers for these parks is shown with a question mark, since I don't know if these are official numbers or estimates (it's a safe bet that the Disney figures are estimates, of course). 92 91 90 PARK, LOCATION ATTENDANCE % CHANGE == == == =============== ========== ======== 1 1 1 WDW, EPCOT, MGM Studios 30,240,000* Up 8% Lake Buena Vista, FL . . . Tokyo Disneyland 16,000,000? Tokyo, Japan 2 2 2 Disneyland 11,600,000* Down slightly Anaheim, CA . . . EuroDisney 8,700,000? Marne la Vallee, France 3 3 12 Universal Studios Florida 6,700,000* Up 12% Orlando, FL . . . Blackpool Pleasure Beach 6,500,000? Blackpool, UK . . . Lotte World 6,000,000? Seoul, Korea 4 4 4 Universal Studios Hollywood 4,800,000* Up 4% Universal City, CA 5 6 5 Sea World of Florida 4,100,000* Up 5% Orlando, FL 6 7 6 Sea World of California 4,006,000* Up 5% San Diego, CA 7 5 3 Knott's Berry Farm 3,900,000* Down slightly Buena Park, CA 8 13 7 Paramount's Kings Island 3,260,000* Up 12% Kings Falls, OH 9 8 8 Six Flags Magic Mountain 3,200,000* Up slightly Valencia, CA 10 15 14 Six Flags Great America 3,150,000* Up 17% Gurnee, IL 11 9 10 Cedar Point 3,125,000* Up 4% Sandusky, OH 12 11 15 Six Flags Great Adventure 3,100,000* Up 6.5% Jackson, NJ 13 12 9 Busch Gardens Tampa 3,050,000* Up 5% Tampa, FL 14 14 11 Six Flags over Texas 3,000,000* Up 10% Arlington, TX 15 10 13 Beach Boardwalk 3,000,000* No change Santa Cruz, CA 16 20 16 Six Flags over Georgia 2,600,000* Up 14% Atlanta, GA 17 17 17 Paramount's Great America; 2,350,000* Down slightly Santa Clara, CA 18 16 19 Canada's Wonderland 2,300,000* Down 4% Maple, Ont. 19 18 18 Paramount's Kings Dominion 2,250,000* Down 3% Doswell, VA 20 21 21 Busch Gardens Williamsburg 2,118,300* Down 5% Williamsburg, VA 21 22 20 Opryland 2,023,409 Up 5% Nashville, TN 22 - - Fiesta Texas 2,000,000 (new park) San Antonio, TX 23 23 23 Six Flags Astroworld 2,000,000* Up 7% Houston, TX 24 29 31 Marine World-Africa USA 1,900,000 Up 32% Vallejo, CA 25 27 28 Dollywood 1,800,000 Up 11% Pigeon Forge, TN 26 28 26 Six Flags over Mid-America 1,800,000* Up 12% St. Louis, MO 27 26 27 Silver Dollar City 1,752,926 Up slightly Branson, MO 28 24 25 Hersheypark 1,700,000 Down 6% Hershey, PA 29 19 21 Ontario Place 1,655,000 Down 30% Toronto, Canada 30 25 29 Sea World of Texas 1,500,000* Down 23% San Antonio, TX 31 31 33 Worlds of Fun 1,327,395 Up 3% Kansas City, MO 32 - - Sea World of Ohio 1,313,200* Up 5% Aurora, OH 33 32 30 Paramount's Carowinds 1,300,000* Up slightly Charlotte, NC 34 33 37 Kennywood 1,215,900* Down 6% West Mifflin, PA 35 34 33 LaRonde 1,200,000 Up 7% Montreal, Quebec 36 33 37 Geauga Lake 1,107,000 Down 3% Aurora, OH 37 36 36 Valleyfair! 1,075,000* Up 4% Shakopee, MN 38 37 39 Knoebels Amusement Resort 980,000 Up 2% Elysburg, PA 39 35 35 Darien Lake 975,000 Down 14% Corfu, NY 40 - - Lagoon 951,664 Up 6% Farmington, UT F. Coming Attractions -- new coasters for 93 and beyond! A common question on rec.roller-coaster is ``What new coaster is park X getting for 1993?'' Here is the list of all announced, or at least solidly rumored coasters being built in the next couple of years. Note that no Arrow Pipeline coasters have been announced by anyone at this time. ``Who's getting a Pipeline?'' or ``I heard Cedar Point is getting a Pipeline'' is asked/stated often on rec.roller-coaster, but as far as anyone who's telling knows, Arrow hasn't sold any Pipeline coasters yet. Note, though, that ACE News reported in July 1992 that someone *would* be getting a Pipeline in 1993, saying the sale was confirmed by Arrow Dynamics engineering director Dal Freeman. A Disney employees' internal newsletter says Arrow announced the sale of a Pipeline for the 1994 season. We'll see. Anyway, on with the show.... New/relocated coasters for 1993: COASTER TYPE PARK OPEN DATE DESIGNER ======= ======== ==== ========= Gadget's S, Junior Disneyland open Go-Coaster Vekoma Anaheim, CA Top Gun S, Suspended Kings Island open Arrow Kings Mills, OH Thunderation S, Mine Train Silver Dollar City open Arrow Branson, MO Canyon Blaster S, 4-Looper Grand Slam Canyon July Arrow Las Vegas, NV "unnamed" S, ?-Looper Yang San open Arrow Korea Top Gun S, Inverted Paramount's Great America open B&M Santa Clara, CA Batman S, Inverted S.F. Great Adventure open B&M Jackson, NJ Kumba S, 7-Looper Busch Gardens Tampa open B&M Tampa, FL Windstorm S, Twister Fun Forest open SDC Seattle, WA Wild Mouse S, Wild Mouse Idlewild open Vekoma Ligonier, PA Python S, Shuttle Wild World open Arrow Largo, MD Whirlwind S, Corkscrew Knoebel's open Vekoma Elysburg, PA Batman-The S, Stand-up Six Flags Astroworld open Escape Intamin Houston, TX "unnamed" S, Junior Perinorte Centro (undecided) Mexico City, Mexico Outlaw W, Twiser Adventureland open CCI Des Moines, IA Tornado W, Dbl out/back Strickler's Grove Jul 04 In-House Hamilton, OH "unnamed" W, Dbl out/back Gulliver's World CCI Warrington, England (UK) "unnamed" W, Twister (Not announced) RCCA/TOGO Japan Whacky Worm S, Junior Worlds of Fun open Pinfari Kansas City, MO New/relocated coasters for 1994: COASTER TYPE PARK DESIGNER ======= ======== ==== "unnamed" S, Out/Back Blackpool Pleasure Beach Arrow Blackpool, UK "unnamed" S, 3-Looper Luna Park Arrow Australia "unnamed" S, ?-Looper (unannounced) Arrow Japan "unnamed" S, ?-Looper (unannounced) Arrow Japan "unnamed" S, Shuttle Frontier City Arrow Oklahoma City, OK "unnamed" S, Stand-up Six Flags Great Adventure B&M Jackson, NJ Batman S, Inverted Six Flags Magic Mountain B&M Valencia, CA Top Gun S, Inverted Paramount's Canada's Wonderland B&M Toronto, Canada Lightning S, Speed Racer MGM Grand Bolt Intamin Las Vegas, NV "unnamed" S, Stand-up Drayton Manor Intamin England, UK Grossloop- S, 3-Looper Liseberg Park ingbahn Schwarzkopf Goteborg, Sweden "unnamed" S, Inverted Kentucky Kingdom Vekoma Louisville, KY Crystal Beach W, Dbl Out&Back The rumor sources won't tell... Comet PTC (Schmeck) Cyclone W, Twister Six Flags Great America (unannounced) Gurnee, IL G. List of Endangered Coasters in USA Legend: DAMA - Damaged and non-operational DEMO - Demolished/Destroyed SBNO - Standing But Not Operating STOR - Dismantled and in storage OPER - Currently operating, but its days are numbered ASSURED TO BE SAVED SBNO -Leap The Dips: Side Friction; Lakemont Park; Altoona, PA STOR -Comet: Dbl Out-and-Back (from Crystal Beach) COASTERS WITH A CHANCE STOR -Jumper: 19?? Jr. Wood, West Point, PA COASTERS IN DANGER OPER -Wildcat: 1926 Out-and-Back, Elitch Gardens; Denver, CO OPER -Coaster: Twister, PNE; Vancouver, BC SBNO -Comet: 1946 Twister; Lincoln Park; N Dartmouth, MA SBNO -Thunderbolt: 1925 Twister, Coney Island, NY SBNO -Mighty Lightnin: 1958 Wood, Rocky Glen; Moosic, PA SBNO -Red Streaker: 19?? Jr. Wood, Willow Mill; Mechanicsburg,PA SBNO -Jack Rabbit: 1910 Out/Back, Idora Park; Youngstown, OH DAMA -Wildcat: 1927 Twister, Idora Park; Youngstown, OH COASTERS WE'VE RECENTLY LOST FOREVER DEMO -CNE Flyer: 1956 Oval, CNE; Toronto, Canada DEMO -Speedway: 1937 Out/Back, Eldridge Park; Elmira, NY DEMO -Valley Volcano: 1956 Jr. Wood, Angela Park; Hazleton, PA DEMO -Tornado: 1968 Out/Back, Panama City, FL DEMO -Mountain Flyer: 1929 Out/Back, Mountain Park; Holyoke, MA DEMO -Coaster: 1931 Out/Back, Harvey's Lake, PA DEMO -Shooting Star: Out-and-Back (from Lakeside Park) -- Geoff Allen \ Please remain seated and keep your hands and arms uunet!pmafire!geoff \ above your head at all times. Enjoy your ride. geoff@pmafire.inel.gov \